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Ace: Hole-in-one.
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Albatross: When a player is three strokes under par for any given hole. For example, an eagle on a par 5. Also known as a double eagle.
All square: When two players are tied in match-play competition.
Approach: When a player attempts to hit the ball onto the green on a par 4 or par 5, either from the fairway or fairway rough.
Away: The player whose ball is farthest from the hole is considered to be away. He putts first except in certain, rare circumstances.
Back Nine: The final nine holes on an 18-hole golf course.
Ball-marker: What a player uses to mark his or her ball on the green. It is usually a metal or plastic ball-marker or something similar, like a coin.
Birdie: When a player is one stroke under par for any hole. For example, a 3 on a par 4.
Bogey: When a player is one stroke over par for any hole. For example, a 5 on a par 4.
Bunker: A hazard, which is usually filled with sand, and borders the edge of the fairway or green. They can also be filled with grass, crushed shells or other materials.
Caddie: The person who carries a player's clubs. This person also assists in club selection, reading the greens and other tactical decisions.
Captain's pick: Presidents Cup and Ryder Cup teams consist of 12 players. 'Captain's picks' refer to the final two (or four as in the U.S. Ryder Cup team) players, outside the 10 players who automatically qualify, whom the captain feels will contribute to the team's success.
Chip: Hitting a ball, from off the green, with enough force that it becomes airborne, before rolling to a stop.
